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HUMAN RIGHTS
BUILDER of the FIRST
New World Utopian Community
(A
Figure Not So Widely Known as He Should Be). Moreno, Juan
Joseph. Fragmentos de la vida, y virtudes del v. illmo. y rmo. Sr. Dr.
D. Vasco de Quiroga primer obispo de la santa iglesia cathedral de Michoacan,
y fundador del real, y primitivo Colegio de s. Nicolàs obispo de Valladolid
... Con notas criticas, en que se aclaran muchos puntos historicos, y antiguedades
americanas especialmente michoacanenses. Mexico: en la imprenta del Real, y mas
antiguo Colegio de S. Ildefonso, 1766. Small 4to (20.5 cm; 8"). [13] ff., 202
pp., [2] ff., 29, [1 (errata)] pp., port.
$3500.00
Click the interior images for enlargements.
In the 18th century Mexico saw a birth of great biographical writing focusing on important figures in its history, especially its ecclesiastical history. Vasco de Quiroga (1470–1565) was an imposing and perhaps quixotic figure during the early post-Conquest decades. A learned man, he arrived in Mexico in 1531 as one of the first four judges of the high court (i.e., oidores) and became the first bishop of the far western province of Michoacan. In that “out of the way” region of Mexico he devoted himself to establishing
European culture, ensuring fair treatment of the indigenous population, creating towns and cities, and building the first utopian community in the New World.
Not the least of his accomplishments was the creation of two pueblo-hospitals for native Americans, and appended and integral to this biography are his “Reglas, y ordenanzas para el gobierno de los Hospitales de Santa Fé de México, y Michoacàn,” which occupy the final 29 pages.
Historians still consider this to be the definitive biography of Quiroga. The engraved portrait of him, handsome and from the burin of José Morales, adds a face to the words of the biographer and to the account of the deeds of the biographee.
Medina, Mexico, 5099; Wellcome, Medical Americana, M.134; Palau 181902; Beristain, III, 2059. Contemporary limp vellum lacking ties. A very good copy. (23061)

Defending
“Perfect Freedom of Discussion”
Bailey, Samuel. Essays on the formation and publication of opinions and on other subjects. Philadelphia: R.W. Pomeroy (pr. by A. Waldie), 1831. 12mo (19.9 cm, 7.9"). [2 (adv.)], 240 pp.
$300.00
First U.S. edition, following the first London edition of 1821: Treatise on the nature of belief and opinion (and individual responsibility for both), and other issues of human perception and feeling. Bailey (1791–1870), an economist and philosopher, originally published the present work anonymously; it was much noticed at the time of its appearance for the impact of its arguments on questions of legal liability for freedom of expression.
American Imprints 5858. Uncut copy. Publisher's quarter red cloth and plain paper–covered sides, spine with printed paper label; binding rubbed/soiled, spine sunned/discolored, spine extremities chipped. Ex–social club library: traces of now-absent label at head of spine, bookplate on front pastedown, call number in a 19th-century hand on pastedown and front free endpaper. No other markings. Pages generally clean, with text block firm. (26284)

“Natural Equality”
Newark,
1802
Brown, William Lawrence. An essay on the natural equality of men; on the rights that result from it, and on the duties which it imposes.... The second American edition. Newark: John Wallis, 1802. 12mo (17.3 cm, 6.8"). [2 (1 blank)], 141, [1 (blank)] pp.
$425.00
Brown proposes equality based not on talent or virtue, but on obligation and "mutual dependence." Firmly anti-evolutionary ("It would be equally absurd to think of forming a man out of a brute, as to imagine that a fish may be transformed into a quadruped," p. 11), the author's balanced examination of the diversity and mutual dependence of men is undoubtedly dated, but nonetheless enlightened and optimistic ("Man is qualified for endless improvements in knowledge and virtue, and the happiness which he attains will exactly correspond to the degrees of his progress," p. 139). The Teylerian Society considered this an outstanding work on the topic, and awarded it a silver medal at Haarlem in April of 1792.
Shaw & Shoemaker 1953. On Brown, see: Dictionary of National Biography, VII, 37–38 (under William Laurence Brown). Relatively unworn library buckram; library name pressure-stamped on covers and its bookplate to front pastedown. Hinges reinforced at rebinding with cloth and first few pages fragile along line of reinforcement; front free endpaper separated. Title-page and a few others faintly stamped, title-page with crossed-out ownership inscription. Some offsetting; a very few instances of pencilled underlining; corners occasionally dog-eared or chipped. Overall a fairly decent copy, suffering a bit from earlier "conservation."
First
German-Language Edition
Social
& Economic Causes
of SLAVERY
Buxton, Thomas Fowell. Der afrikanische Sklavenhandel und
seine Abhülse ... mit einer Vorrede: Die Nigerexpedition und ihre Bestimmung. Leipzig: F.A.
Brockhaus, 1841. 8vo (21.6 cm, 8.5"). lxx, 453, [3] pp.; 1 fold. map.
$750.00
First German-language edition: A translation of Buxton's African Slave Trade and Its
Remedy, published in English in two parts in 1839 and 1840. Sir Thomas Fowell Buxton, 1st Baronet,
was an influential humanitarian and evangelical who campaigned against capital punishment,
promoted prison reform, and (most famously) supported the abolition of slavery; Allibone called him
“one of the noblest examples of philanthropic zeal of modern times.” In the present work, he first
analyzes the slave trade in depth, then proposes means of addressing both the economic factors and
the African “Superstitions and Cruelties” enabling the continuation of slavery. The British
government sent a mission to Niger as a result of the author's advocacy of diplomatic efforts, but
recalled it after numerous members of the party died of fever, much to Buxton's dismay; that
expedition is described here in a preface by Carl Ritter.
The volume is illustrated with an oversized, folding engraved map captioned in English.
Uncommon:
OCLC and NUC Pre-1956 find only nine U.S. holdings (one deaccessioned).
Goldsmiths'-Kress 32415.2; Sabin 9688. On Buxton, see: Oxford Dictionary of
National Biography online and Allibone, 317. Boards covered with German-style
black-flecked brown paper, spine with printed paper label. Pages slightly age-toned, with a very few
scattered instances of light spotting; map with faint offsetting and short tear along lower inner margin,
not touching image. An attractive copy. (25325)

First Printing in Latin America — Montes de Oca Engraved Title
Casas, Bartolomé de las. Breve relacion de la destruccion de las Indias Occidentales. México: en la oficina de Don Mariano Ontiveros, 1822. 16mo (15 cm; 5.75"). [1] f., 164 pp.
[SOLD]
Click the title-page image above for an enlargement.
The first printing in Hispanic America of Father Las Casas's 1552
classic treatise (originally, Brevissima relacion de la destruycion de las
Indias) on the Indians of the New World and the need to recognize their
rights as humans: Presented as part of his famous debate(s) with Ginés
de Sepúlveda, who unsuccessfully argued the other side. This is a reprinting
of the Philadelphia edition of 1821, which was in Spanish for distribution in
Latin America.
This edition begins with a handsome engraved title by the famous Mexican
engraver Luis Montes de Oca, signed in the lower left corner and bearing the
Mexican national emblem in the lower center of the plate.
This
is one of the first appearances of that emblem, and it is most fitting that
it be the work of this artist.
Provenance: Bookplate of the
famous 19th-century Mexican collector, bibliographer, and historian of the
book, Joaquín García Icazbalceta.
Palau 46951. 19th-century quarter black morocco with
marbled paper sides; spine tooled in gilt to replicate a raised-band spine
with spine compartments; two small abrasions. Interior with light, scattered
foxing only.
A
lovely little book. (25216)
Cheetham, James. The life of Thomas Paine, author of Common sense, The crisis, Rights of man, &c. &c. &c. New York: Southwick & Pelsue, 1809. 8vo (22.2 cm, 8.75"). 347, [1] pp.
$575.00

First edition. Cheetham, once a friend of Paine, later turned against him, and this work reflects a great deal of bitterness and resentment: The author makes much of Paine’s alleged lack of personal cleanliness. A pseudonymous “Politicus,” in an attempt to encourage the writing of another life, said “Cheetham, humph! Now should it not rather be spelled Cheat’em, as applicable to every reader of that farrago of imposition and malignity, miscalled the ‘Life of Paine’?”
Click either image for an enlargement.
Provenance: Pencilled note on endpaper, “From Ralph E. McCoy’s Library”; McCoy, emeritus Dean of Libraries at Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, published widely on the First Amendment freedoms.
Howes C336; Sabin 12379; Shaw & Shoemaker 17193. Later quarter plain brown paper over contemporary tan paper–covered sides; edges and corners rubbed. Front free endpaper (modern) with pencilled note of McCoy’s ownership; front fly-leaf with pencilled gift inscription dated 1849. Offsetting and foxing throughout. A very sound copy.
Colombia. Constitution. 1853. Constitucion política de la Nueva Granada. Año de 1853. [Bogotá]: no publisher/printer, 1853. Small 8vo (20 cm, 7.9"). 12 pp.
$2500.00

“Edicion oficial” of the first Colombian constitution to rebel against the stringent control of the 1843 document that centralized power in the president. This compact is notable for its many liberal reforms, such as abolition of slavery, establishment of freedom of the press, and creation of separation of church and state.
Click the images for enlargements.
There were two editions in 1853, the other being 24 pages in length.
Palau 59737. Original printed yellow wrappers, creased and a little dusty. Very good condition.

“I am anxious you should do a writing portrait . . . ”
Cook, Eliza. A.L.s. (“Eliza”) to “My dear Sec.” London: 6 June 1860. 12mo (7.25" x. 4.5"). 1 p.
$275.00
Click the image for an enlargement.
Cook (1818–89) was
a Chartist poet, author, and proponent of political and sexual freedom for women. She writes, “I am again here for a few days . . . and want to know if you can receive me on Friday about eleven. I am anxious you should do a writing portrait to see which will afford you most satisfaction. I will bring the proofs of the sonnet with me.”
Provenance: Residue of the stock of Seven Gables Bookshop (1930–79), via the son of Michael Papantonio (2009).
Very good condition. Tipped onto a slightly larger sheet. With the integral blank. (25726)

Davis Himself
on the Civil War
— Many
Plates &
Maps
Davis,
Jefferson. The rise and fall of the Confederate government.
New York: D. Appleton & Co., 1881. 8vo (23.8 cm, 9.4"). 2 vols. I: xxi,
[3], 707, [5 (adv.)] pp.; 9 plts., 1 map. II: xvii, [3], 808, [4 (adv.)] pp.;
10 plts., 13 fold. maps.
$500.00
Click
the images for enlargements.
First edition of Davis's arguments, constitutional and otherwise, in favor of
secession, states' rights, and slavery; and his defense of his conduct and that of the Confederacy.
The two volumes are illustrated with a total of 19 steel-engraved plates, including numerous
portraits, and 14 maps, 13 of which are oversized and folding.
Howes D120.
Publisher's pebbled brown cloth, covers framed in blind with central gilt-stamped horse and rider medallion on front, spines with gilt-stamped title; edges/extremities
lightly rubbed and spines each with a patch lightened (moreso to vol. I). Ex–social club library:
call number on endpapers, title-pages rubber-stamped. Minor offsetting from some plates, pages
otherwise clean. (26900)
“Apology”
NOT
Accepted!
[Dexter, Franklin]. A letter to the
Hon. Samuel A. Eliot, representative in Congress from the city of Boston, in
reply to his apology for voting for the fugitive slave bill. Boston: Wm. Crosby
& H.P. Nichols, 1851. 8vo. 57 pp.
$165.00
Given the hotbed of abolitionism that Boston was, during the three decades leading up to the Civil War, one must wonder what Eliot was thinking when he voted in favor of the Fugitive Slave Act! Well, not wanting to leave his constituency in the dark, he wrote a defense of his action and published it in a letter to the Advertiser on 29 October 1850. His apology did not sit well with Dexter (here signing himself "Hancock"), who wrote this scathing rebuttal.
First edition.
Sabin 19890; Dumond 63. Sewn, in original printed wrappers, slightly chipped. Five-digit number stamped on front wrapper, and a neat paper label at upper left corner. A very nice copy.

Two Tracts on
PEACE
Erasmus, Desiderius. The complaint of peace: With a digression, on the folly of kings in unlimited monarchies. To which is added, Antipolemus: Or, the plea of reason, religion, and humanity, against war. London: [s.n.], 1795. 8vo (21.7 cm, 8.5"). [2], x, 150, v–xliii, [1], 183, [1 (blank)] pp.
$150.00
Click the images for enlargements.
Erasmus's Querela pacis and Antipolemus in English translations done by Vicesimus Knox, the first work here in its first edition thus and the latter in its second. The Querela pacis was originally published in 1517 upon the failure of the “Congress of Kings” to preserve peace throughout Europe; the other piece is a translation of the author's Bellum, extracted from his Adagia. Together, the works assert “that reasonable creatures ought always to be coerced when they err, by the force of reason, the motives of religion, the operation of law, and not by engines of destruction” (p. xliii), as the translator puts it in his preface to the second piece. Knox was an educator, minister, and author (known as the editor of Elegant Extracts) who steadfastly opposed British military involvement in the French Revolution.
ESTC N31610. On Knox, see: Oxford Dictionary of National Biography online. Contemporary treed sheep, spine with gilt-stamped leather title-label and board edges gilt; binding rubbed, irregularly darkened, and chipped, with front joint open (sewing presently holding) and back joint starting. Ex–social club library: 19th-century bookplate, inked call number on endpapers, title-page pressure-stamped. No other markings. Collation matches ESTC's description. Varying degrees of foxing/browning, with most leaves unaffected or only a little so. All edges saffron. (26377)
Furdoonjee,
Nowrozjee (i.e., Naurozji Faridunji).
On the civil administration of the Bombay Presidency...published in England at the request of the Bombay Association. London: John Chapman, 1853. 8vo. vii, [1], 88 pp.
$400.00
First edition, with an introduction by John Chapman, of this response to a number of publications regarding the East India Company’s operations. The author is highly critical of the process of selection of civil servants, the inadequacy of the civil and criminal courts, and the exclusion of natives from positions for which they were proven to be qualified, among other topics. A list of covenanted positions and their salaries is provided, in contrast with the list of salaried positions held by natives.
A search of RLIN, OCLC, NSTC, and NUC Pre-1956 shows only four U.S. holdings of this pamphlet.
NSTC 2N1853. Recent moiré cloth–covered boards. Title-page with small inked numerals in upper outer corner. One leaf with short edge tear just touching text.

Grotius on THE LAW of War & of the Sea,
& on Natural Law
Grotius, Hugo. Hugonis Grotii De jure belli ac pacis libri tres, in quibus jus naturae & gentium, item juris publici praecipua explicantur. Cum annotatis auctoris, ejusdemque dissertatione de Mari libero, ac Libello singulari de aequitate, indulgentia, & facilitate, nec non Joann. Frid. Gronovii v.c. notis in totum opus De jure belli ac pacis. Amstelaedami: Apud Janssonio-Waesbergios, 1720. 8vo (20 cm; 8"). Frontis., engr. title-page, [13] ff., xxxv, [1] pp., [2] ff., 483, [1] pp., [1] f., [483!]–936 pp.; 43, [1] pp., [42] ff.
$550.00
Click the images for enlargements.
Groundwork for Grotius’ De jure belli ac pacis (On the Law of War and Peace) was laid in the 16th century by Spanish theologians Francisco de Vitoria, Francisco Suarez, Bartolomé de las Casas, and Ginés de Sepulveda as they struggled with the legitimacy of making war on the Indians of the New World.
Grotius saw his book published for the first time in 1625 at Paris: It studies the legality of war and immediately established itself as a foundational work on the topic. Modern scholars regard it as
foundational in international law.
This edition contains added scholarship from Joannes Fredericus Gronovius (1611–71) and Jean Barbeyrac (1674–1744). In addition to De jure belli ac pacis the reader will find two other important Grotius tracts at the rear of the volume: Mare liberum and Libellus singularis de aequitate, indulgentia et facilitate, meaning the volume treats not just of law of war, but natural law, international law, maritime law, and law of the sea.
There are two issues of this edition, the other having “Ex Officina Wetsteniana” on the title-page in place of “Apud Janssonio-Waesbergio.” In both editions the title-page is printed in black and red, and of course, they have the same pagination. The work has side- and shouldernotes, an engraved portrait of Grotius, and an added engraved title-page.
Meulen & Diermanse (1950 ed), Grotius, 602. Modern quarter claret-colored morocco with gilt-accented raised bands; gilt center device in each spine compartment. Marbled paper sides. Library pressure-stamps on title-page, no other markings; light age-toning and occasional spotting or foxing. A very nice copy with all edges decorated — more than “speckled,” not quite “marbled,” definitely attractive. (26526)
Hardy, Thomas. The patriot. Addressed to the people, on the present state of affairs in Britain and in France. With observations on republican government, and discussions of the principles advanced in the writings of Thomas Paine. Edinburgh: J. Dickson, & London: G. Nicol, 1793. 8vo in 4s (19.5 cm, 7.7"). [4], 76 pp.
$450.00

First edition. This response to Paine’s Rights of Man is attributed to a Scottish clergyman (sometimes called Hardie) who taught church history at Edinburgh University — not to the radical politician of the same name who was charged with treason in 1794.
ESTC T102145; Sabin 59081. Recent marbled paper–covered boards, spine with printed paper label. Original sewing holes visible in inner margins; some leaves lightly foxed, with final page darkened.

Religion Wants
to Be Free
Harris, William. Observations on national establishments in religion in general, and on the establishment of Christianity in particular. Together with some occasional remarks on the conduct and behaviour of the teachers of it. London: S. Bladon, 1767. 8vo (21.2 cm, 8.4"). [2], 60 pp. (half-title lacking).
$450.00
First edition of this anti-establishment rebuttal of John Rotheram's Essay on Establishment in Religion. Harris argues against nationalized forms of both Catholic and Protestant churches, and in favor of freedom of religious dissent.
Uncommon: Only three U.S. institutions report holdings.
ESTC T3154. Recent marbled paper–covered boards, spine with gilt-stamped leather title-label. Lacking the half-title. Pages lightly age-toned. (21078)
[Harrison,
George]. An address to the right reverend the prelates of England and Wales,
on the subject of the slave trade. London: J. Parsons, 1792. 8vo (19 cm, 7.5").
15, [1 (blank)] pp.
$550.00

First edition of this uncommon call to civic and Christian virtue,
attributed to Sir George Harrison. The author passionately condemns the slave
trade, and urges the Church establishment to “interpose the crozier of
peace and brotherly kindness between the innocent inhabitants of Africa, and
the merciless ruffians of Europe” (p. 6); the question of the treatment
of slaves on American plantations is alluded to but not directly addressed.
ESTC N46161. Marbled paper–covered boards, old-style,
front cover with printed paper label. Pages skillfully reinforced at inner
margins; clean throughout.

An Attempt at Peace during the Wars of the Huguenots
Henry III, King of France (1551–89). Edictum Henrici regis Galliæ de pace, nuper a typographo regio Lutetiæ editum cum priuilegio regis, è Gallico in Latinum sermonem fideliter conuersum. Inscriptio hæc suit: Edictum regis ad compositionem tumultuum huius regni pertinens. [Paris: Frédéric Morel], 1576. 4to (19.5 cm; 7.75"). [1] f., 38 pp.
[SOLD]
This edict on restoring the religious rights of both Catholics and Huguenots, issued by Henry III of France, made its appearance in the midst of violent struggle over the opposition between the religious rights of the nation and the divine right of the king. Evidence of readership: Virtually every page has contemporary marginalia commenting on at least one passage of the edict.
Click the image for an enlargement.
WorldCat locates only three copies in North America.
Lindsay & Neu 884; VD16 F2427. In modern wrappers. Small 19th-century library label on title-page. Pressure-stamp on title- and three other leaves; strip of heavy paper adhered to inner margin of last leaf. (3190)

A Human Rights
Appeal/Exposé — American Indian Advocacy
Jackson, Helen Fiske Hunt. A century of dishonor[.] A sketch of the United States government's dealings with some of the Indian tribes. By H. H. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1881. 12mo. x, 457, [1 (blank)] pp.; 6 pp. (ads).
$150.00
Click the images for enlargements.
First edition of Mrs. Jackson's indictment of the Indian policy of the U.S. government. She exposes with extensive documentation the government's wrong doings in dealing with Indian nations during the period 1776–1880. Each chapter is devoted to the history of a particular tribe (e.g., the Delaware, Nez Percés, Cherokees, etc.). The chapter before the conclusion surveys “Massacres of Indians by Whites.” A large appendix (pp. 343–57) ends the work.
Jackson grew up in Massachusetts and was a close friend of Emily Dickinson. Her marriage in 1852 to a Captain Hunt ended tragically, for he and their two children were dead by 1865. For health reasons she moved to Colorado and in 1875 married a banker named William Jackson. She developed a keen interest in the plight of the American Indian and secured the extraordinary privilege of doing research in the Americana Department of the Astor Library in New York City during the morning hours before the doors officially opened.
She hoped this work would effect a reversal of government policy and herself purchased sufficient copies to send one to every member of both houses of Congress. She then turned to fiction as another avenue of attack: Her best-known novel, Ramona, was her attempt to produce for American Indians a work that would affect their lot as Uncle Tom's Cabin did the plight of black slaves.
A landmark book.
BAL 10444. Publisher's brown cloth, lettered in gold. Ex–social club library: 19th-century bookplate, call number on endpaper, rubber-stamp on title-page, no other markings. Two small areas of minor discoloration on spine where paper shelving labels removed.
Overall a very nice copy. (26260)
A
Southerner
Calls for
ABOLITION
in 1767
[Lee, Arthur]. [drop-title] Extract from an
address in the Virginia Gazette, of March 19, 1767. [Philadelphia?: Pr. by Joseph
Crukshank?, 1780?]. Small 12mo. 4 pp.
$875.00
"That slavery then is a violation of justice, will plainly appear.
. . . Now, as freedom is unquestionably the birth-right of all mankind, Africans
as well as Europeans, to keep the former in a state of slavery is a constant
violation of that right and therefore of justice." This strong anti-slavery
sentiment, addressed to the Virginia Assembly, was first printed outside of
the Virginia Gazette in 1767 as an addition to Anthony Benezet's A
caution and warning to Great-Britain, and her colonies. Whether it was also
issued separately in 1767 is unclear. There were several editions and variants
of editions of this work attributed to Arthur Lee on the basis of statements
in G.S. Brooke's Friend Anthony Benezet (pp. 301, 332, and 422), and
we refer the interested reader to the records of the North American Imprint
Project for the decipherment of them.
Click
the image for an enlargement.
Evans 16773; Hildeburn, The Issues of the Press in Pennsylvania,
1685–1784, 4006. Five-digit number stamped above the title; pp. 1 and
2 separated from 3 and 4, and gutter margin repaired, reattaching the halves.
Semicircular tear in lower, inside area of all pages, costing a total of 9
or 10 words.

Separation of Church & State — RELIGIOUS LIBERTY
First Collected Edition
Locke, John. Letters concerning toleration. London: A. Millar, H. Woodfall, I. Whiston & B. White, I. Rivington, et al., 1765. 4to (29.5 cm, 11.6"). Frontis., [8], 399, [1 (blank)] pp.
$2000.00
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First collected edition of Locke's four letters on the subject of religious liberty, including the original Latin text of the groundbreaking first letter. The first Letter Concerning Toleration, originally published in 1689, was widely read (including by Jefferson) and served as a major philosophical support for freedom of worship by all, including Jews, Muslims, and pagans. Locke's subsequent letters — the fourth was left unfinished at the time of his death — were defenses of the first against attacks made by Anglican clergyman Jonas Proast.
The copper-engraved frontispiece portrait of the author was done by I.B. Cipriani after Sir Godfrey Kneller; it is celebrated.
This is a lovely, “gentleman's library” edition, well printed with generous margins.
Provenance: Two text pages and back pastedown with flourished ownership inscriptions of Richard Wood, Jr., dated 1780.
ESTC T114245; Graesse, IV, 243; Lowndes 1380; Allibone 1113–14. Contemporary speckled calf, spine with gilt-ruled raised bands and gilt-stamped leather title-label; binding lightly rubbed/scuffed overall, joints starting from top and front hinge (inside) starting; spine with a chip and a small paper label. Front pastedown with three bookplates most tantalizingly layered over one another, the most recent being from a 19th-century social club library; front free endpaper with pencilled and inked numerals in an early hand. Pages age-toned and faintly to moderately spotted; minor offsetting from frontispiece to title-page. (26302)

Marmontel's Political-Philosophical Novel with
Gravelot's Illustrations
Marmontel, Jean François. Bélisaire. Paris: Chez Merlin, 1767. 8vo (19.9 cm, 7.8"). [4], x, 340, [6] pp.; 4 plts.
$900.00
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First edition, early state, featuring the frontispiece and three copper-engraved plates designed by Gravelot. Quickly translated into numerous languages following its initial publication, Marmontel's controversial philosophical novel was written in great part in the hope that its retelling of the story of Gen. Flavius Beisarius of the Byzantine Empire would convince Louis XV to become, himself, the longed-for Philosopher-King. Chapter 15, however, in which Marmontel advocates freedom of opinion and religious tolerance, inspired extensive commentary by Voltaire and others and brought on condemnation by both the Sorbonne and the Archbishop of Paris — though it may ultimately have helped the Huguenot cause.
Merlin also printed a duodecimo edition in 1767; in the present edition, “Fragmens de philosophie morale” is found on pp. 273–340, followed by the Addition and Approbation.
Provenance: Front pastedown with gilt-stamped armorial bookplate of notable 19th-century book collector Edward Hailstone, gilt-stamped “I.T.” bookplate with motto “Inter folia fructus,” and bookplate of Sir Montague Shearman.
Binding: Contemporary crimson morocco, covers framed in gilt triple fillets; spine gilt extra with gilt-stamped leather labels, board edges and turn-ins with gilt rolls. This volume (complete in itself) seems at one time to have been part of a set of Marmontel's works, and bears an (unnumbered) spine label reading “Oeuvres de Marmontel.”
Brunet, III, 1440; Cohen de Ricci, Guide de l’amateur de livres à gravures du XVIIIe siècle, 688; Graesse 406; Tchermezine 455. Binding as above, with edges, extremities, and joints showing minor rubbing. Front pastedown with bookplates as above; front free endpaper with affixed slip of early cataloguing; rear pastedown with small chip out of paper. Light spots of foxing, slightly heavier around plates. All edges gilt. (25776)

FIRST
PAINE COLLECTION
Paine, Thomas. The works of Thomas Paine. London: D. Jordan, 1792. 8vo (21.6 cm, 8.5"). Frontis., [4], 67, [1], viii, 110, [2], 142, [2], 69, [3], 29, [3], 16, 9, [1] pp.
$2500.00
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First edition of Paine's collected works, or rather selections therefrom. The contents are parts I and II of Common Sense, parts I and II of Rights of Man (the latter having first appeared in the same year as this compilation), the Letter on Republicanism, Thoughts on the Peace, and letters to the Abbé Raynal, the Earl of Shelburne, the Abbé Syeyes, Secretary Dundas, and Lord Onslow. The items have been gathered and issued here under a general title-page with an engraved frontispiece portrait of Paine; each separate title-page states “ninth edition.”
Individual titles in this collection are often separated and sold as if complete in themselves, but the present volume reflects their original state and the publisher's intent.
ESTC T5785; Goldsmiths'-Kress 15080; Sabin 58244; Stephans, Paine Collection of Richard Gimbel, 1. Recent quarter calf and marbled paper–covered sides, spine with gilt-stamped leather label and gilt-stamped compartment decorations between gilt-ruled raised bands. Title-page and a few others with oval,19th-century institutional rubber-stamp; lower (closed) page edges rubber-stamped sometime later. Variable, mild to moderate foxing and other spotting, especially “in from edges”; occasional pencilled bracketing or underlining. One leaf with short tear in outer margin, not touching text. (25027)
For
a bit more THOMAS PAINE, click
here.
Penn, William. The great and popular objection against the repeal of the penal laws & tests briefly stated and consider’d, and which may serve for answer to several late pamphlets upon that subject. London: Andrew Sowle, 1688. 4to (19.8 cm, 7.75"). 23, [1 (blank)] pp.
$1250.00
Click the interior images for enlargements.
Early printing of the first edition, following an eight-page issue by Sowle in the same year. Having already successfully encouraged James II in making small gestures toward religious tolerance, Penn hoped to persuade him to repeal the anti-Catholic Penal Laws and Test Act.
Despite this strongly worded treatise against persecution (which argues that all men should be able to make a free and open choice of faith and worship), the statutes remained in place for many years to come.
Wing (rev.) P1298A; ESTC R12742. Recent marbled paper–covered boards. Title-page with tiny, unobtrusive numeral inked in upper outer corner, first text page with numeral stamped in lower margin (no other markings). Title-page and first text page with moderate foxing, others clean.
Pennsylvania.
Collection of the penal laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. Philadelphia: Pr. by Budd & Bartram, for the use of the Prison, 1801. 8vo (19.5 cm, 7.6").
72 pp.
$1000.00
Click any image where the hand appears on
mouse-over, for an enlargement.
Scarce: Only the second such collection of Pennsylvanian criminal laws and legislation, following Zachariah Poulson’s first of 1794. The unspecified prison for which Budd & Bartram printed this work was almost certainly the Walnut Street Prison, in operation from 1773 through 1838 and one of the earliest American penitentiaries as well as a groundbreaking experiment in humanitarian incarceration. At the time of this volume’s publication, the prison reform movement was flourishing in Philadelphia.
Many institutions report microform holdings, but very few hold actual copies.
Sabin 59986; Shaw & Shoemaker 1114. Contemporary-style quarter tan cloth over blue paper-covered sides, spine with printed paper label. Paper embrittled and somewhat fragile; pages age-toned and foxed.

A Woman for
EQUAL PAY, 1869
Penny, Virginia. Think and act. A series of articles pertaining to men and women, work and wages. Philadelphia: Claxton, Remsen & Haffelfinger, 1869. 8vo (20 cm; 7.87"). 372 pp.
[SOLD]
Click the images for enlargements.
Miss Penny was born in Louisville, Kentucky, 18 January 1826, graduated from the Steubenville, Ohio, female seminary in 1843, and eventually settled in New York City. She was an indefatigable writer on and crusader for work for women, and especially the betterment of such work, and the opening of advancement opportunities in that work. In addition to this title,
she also authored How Women Can Make Money, married or single, in all branches of the arts and sciences, professions, trades, agricultural and mechanical pursuits (Philadelphia, 1862), The Employments of Women (Boston, 1863), and Five Hundred Employments Adapted to Women (Philadelphia, 1868).
An early plea for equal pay, equal opportunity, and equal dignity.
Publisher's green cloth, abrasion to top of spine. Ex–social club library with rubber-stamps, call number in ink on preliminary pages in a 19th-century hand. A rather nice copy. (26251)

The Land & Indian Problems
Pimentel, Francisco. Memoria sobre las causas que han originado la situacion actual de la raza indígena de México, y medios de remediarla. Mexico: Impr. de Andrade y Escalante, 1864. 8vo. 241, [1] pp., [1] f. [with the same author's] La economía política aplicada a la propiedad territorial en México. México: Imprenta de Ignacio Cumplido, 1866. 8vo. 265, [1 (blank)] pp., [1] f.
$600.00
Click the interior images for enlargements.
Pimentel, the conde de Heras, essays two of Mexico's greatest problems of the 19th century: the condition and treatment of its indigenous populations and land tenure.
Memoria: Palau 226014. Economía política: Palau 220615. Contemporary quarter red morocco,
gilt spine extra, silk placemarker. Very good condition. (23064)

The Pope Appoints
a New Grand Inquisitor for Spain
Pope Paul V (1552–1621; pontificate 1605–21). Letter to King Philip III of Spain, in Latin, on vellum. Rome: 4 January 1619. Narrow strip (10 x 40.5 cm; 4" x 16"). [1] leaf.
$1250.00
Click the image for enlargement.
The pope has learned of the death of Bernardo de Sandoval y Rojas, the archbishop of Toledo and the Grand Inquisitor of Spain. In this letter the pope appoints Luis de Aliaga Martínez the new Grand Inquisitor.
This contemporary file copy was retained in Rome and signed “S. Card. S. Susannae” (i.e., Cardinal Scipione Cobelluzzi, who was also at this time the Librarian of the Vatican Library).
Written in a very handsome italic on very good quality vellum. Light discoloration along lower edge, below the writing. (26978)

Muggletonian Stand against
Religious Persecution
Reeve, John, & Lodowick Muggleton. A remonstrance from the eternall God: Declaring severall spirituall transactions unto the Parliament, and Common-wealth of England, unto His Excellency, the Lord Generall Cromwell, the Councell of State, the Councell of Warre, and to all that love the second appearing of the Lord Jesus, the onely wise God and everlasting Father, blessed for ever. [London]: 1653. 4to (19.1 cm, 7.5"). 15, [1 (blank)] pp.
$2000.00
Click the images for enlargements.
First edition: An account of Reeve and Muggleton's early history and actions as prophets, followed by an attack on the authority of the magistrates who charged the pair with blasphemy, and of the jury who delivered the verdict at their trial — which had “no Commission from Heaven to judge men, or try men for their faith concerning God and the sacred Scriptures” (pp. 11–12). Reeve and Muggleton were the leaders of the Muggletonians, a small Christian sect that denied the doctrine of the Trinity, believed that God would no longer interfere in human affairs after the revelation of their founders, and condemned prayer and preaching; here they argue that “the free-born people of England . . . should not onely injoy their civill liberties, but the Libertie of their Consciences also towards God” (p. 13).
Clicking on the righthand image above, and reading the last, italicized paragraph, is rewarding. OCLC and ESTC locate only six U.S. institutional holdings.
ESTC R40093; Wing (rev. ed.) R682; Smith, Anti-Quakeriana, 303. Period-style calf, covers framed in blind double fillets, spine with gilt-ruled raised bands and gilt-stamped leather title-label. Title-page and first text page institutionally perforation-stamped, first text page with inked and rubber-stamped numerals in lower margin. Title-page with several tears repaired (with loss of a few letters from table of contents) and a sliver of the bottom edge replaced (with loss of lower portion of publication date); pages generally age-toned and soiled, first one with upper margin repaired. Edges trimmed closely and tattered. A “survivor.” (26010)

The
Glorious Revolution's Centennial
Revolution Society (London). An abstract of the history and proceedings of the Revolution Society, in London. To which is annexed a copy of the Bill of Rights. [London]: Pr. by Order of the Committee, 1789. 8vo. 40, 7, [1 (blank)] pp., [1] f., pp. 41–78, [1 (blank)] f., pp. 79–87, 90–92, pp. 79–86, 93–96 (page numbers 88, 89 not used).
$1675.00
Click the interior images for enlargements.
The Revolution Society was a left-wing political club created for the express purpose of celebrating the centennial of the Glorious Revolution. In 1788, the celebration of the centenary was a truly nationwide and politically charged affair. This is evident in the account of the meeting of 4 November 1788, which is included here with the Abstract, a copy of the Bill of Rights, and copies and translations of letters from the National Assembly of France. The meeting, at London Tavern, was attended by 300 gentlemen greeted by a transparent painting emblazoned with the words: “A TYRANT DEPOSED AND LIBERTY RESTORED, 1688.” Forty-one toasts transpired. Most called for political reform: Abolition of the slave trade, repeal of religious tests, freedom of the press, expansion of the franchise, and revision of the code of criminal laws. Others were more general (“welfare of all mankind” or “religious liberty”) or pithy (“when kings lose their utility may the people find their dignity”). Still others praised the navy or the militia, “King and Royal Family,” or called for the principles of the Glorious Revolution, the Magna Charta, and the Bill of Rights to “be deeply engraven for ever on every British breast.”
Uncommon: No U.S. copy of this issue located via OCLC and ESTC locates only the Harvard copy. There were other, less complete editions of 40 pp., 58 pp., and 78 pp.
ESTC N15187. Recent full calf, period style; spine with raised bands accented in gilt, oxblood leather gilt-lettered title, publication date and place in gilt at base; covers framed and paneled in gilt rules with gilt-stamped corner fleurons. Shallow chip to top outer corners of final two leaves. One word on p. 32 is blotted out in ink by an early owner with the correction supplied above it. Penned signature (partly cropped) at top edge of p. 79. Pp. 79–92 duplicated, nothing missing. (23766)

British Words of Support for
Colonial Rights
Rokeby, Matthew Robinson-Morris, Baron. Considerations on the measures carrying on with respect to the British colonies in North-America. London printed; Hartford reprinted: Eben. Watson, 1774. 8vo (21.6 cm, 8.5"). 63, [1] pp.
$850.00

One of five American editions appearing in 1774, following the London first of the same year, of this important polemic. The second Baron Rokeby was a politician and champion of civil liberties who published several pamphlets opposing Lord North's American policy; Appletons' Cyclopaedia of American Biography notes that “the measures for the coercion of the American colonies were especially repugnant to his sense of justice” (V, 287). As supportive as he was of the American cause, Robinson-Morris was also critical of Dr. Franklin, whose inflammatory writings are here compared to Fawkes's gunpowder.
Click the interior image for enlargement.
Evans 13585; ESTC W30498; Howes R-372; Trumbull, Connecticut, 1305; Adams, Amer. Pamphlets, 134j; Sabin 72151; Allibone 1839. On Robinson-Morris, see: Oxford DNB online. Period-style quarter calf with marbled paper–covered sides, leather edges tooled in blind, spine with gilt-stamped title and elegant small decorations at head and foot. Pages age-toned; three leaves with minor staining. Title-page with repaired chip to outer margin, traces of early inked inscriptions in center of page, and partially shaved inscription in upper margin. Last text page with inked inscription in lower margin, partially shaved at beginning of inscription. (24866)

Let's NOT Bring Back
the Inquisition
S., Y. O. Anecdota importante relativa a la Inquisicion de España, y varias reflexiones sobre el mismo asunto. Mejico: Impr. de D.M. Ontiveros, 1820. Small 4to. 35, [1 (blank)] pp.
$375.00
Strong but not rabid anti-Inquisition thoughts, expressed in 63 numbered paragraphs. Also addresses the question of freedom of the press and its intersection with the role of the Inquisition in barring unapproved ideas. A good contribution to the history of Human Rights.
Uncommon: OCLC locates only the copies at the Bancroft and Chilean National libraries; although, clearly, there is or was one in the Sutro Library.
Sutro 175. Removed from a nonce volume. A good clean copy. (21742)

Eyewitness Report of the
Armenian Genocide, Inscribed by the Author
Shahbaz, Yonan H. The rage of Islam: An account of the massacre of Christians by the Turks in Persia ... fourth edition. Philadelphia: The Judson Press, [1929]. 8vo (20 cm, 7.9"). Frontis., xiv, [4], 210 pp.; 1 fold. map., 16 plts.
$135.00
Fourth edition, following the first of 1918, of a harrowing description of the atrocities committed by Turks and Kurds against the Christians at Urmia in 1915. Written by a native Assyrian married to an American woman and trained in America as a Baptist minister, this account of the massacre and the subsequent involvement of Russian troops was intended to inspire “the great Christian powers” to protect Armenians and Assyrians from Muslim persecution.
The 16 plates of illustration are interesting, sometimes moving.
Click the images for enlargements.
Presentation copy: Front free endpaper inscribed “Compliments of the Author. To Dr. Franklin Feb. 19th 1930.”
Starr, Baptist Bibliography, S2241. Publisher's maroon cloth, front cover and spine with gilt-stamped title; insignificant wear to corners and spine extremities, foot of spine with small area of faint discoloration. Title-page institutionally pressure-stamped, dedication page with inked notation along inner margin and rubber-stamped numeral in lower margin. Back pastedown with traces of now-absent bookplate. Sewing starting to loosen. Pages and plates clean. (26041)
Spain.
Sovereigns, etc., 1808–33 (Ferdinand VII). Broadside.
Begins: “Don Francisco Xavier Venegas...`Exmô, Señor = La Regencia
del Reyno se ha servido dirigirme el Decreto que sigue...Deseando las Córtes
generales y extraordinarias facilitar á los súbditos Españoles,
que por qualquiera línea traigan su orígen del Africa, el estudio
de las ciencias, y el acceso á la carrera eclesiástica....’”
Mexico, 25 September 1812. Folio extra (48 cm; 17.25"). [1] p.
$8775.00

First New World printing of a
major human rights act. The decree granting all Spanish
subjects of African heritage the right to an education through the university
and post-graduate level and the right to take orders and habits in the clergy.
Click
the image to the right
for an enlargement.
While Ferdinand VII remained the prisoner of Napoleon, the Regency promulgated
several important human rights acts, and this was one of the most important.
The Regency ratified and published it 29 January and on 31 January it was
ordered distributed throughout the empire.
Not in Medina, Mexico; not in Garritz, Impresos novohispanos;
not in Sutro. One horizontal fold, top margin a little crumpled and irregular;
left margin with a V-shaped bit of blank margin missing at fold, otherwise
only a little irregular. Revenue stamps on the verso. Viceroy Venegas’s
paraph (“rúbrica”) below his printed name.
A
very good copy.
Spain. Sovereigns,
etc., 1808–33
(Ferdinand VII). Broadside. Begins: “Don
Francisco Xavier Venegas...`Exmô. Sr. = ...sabed: que en las Córtes
generales y extraordinarias, congregadas en la Real Isla de Leon, se resolvió y
decretó lo siguiente...Articulo I. Todos los cuerpos y personas particulares,
de qualquiera condicion y estado que sean, tienen libertad de escribir, imprimir
y publicar sus ideas politicas sin necesidad de licencia, revision ó aprobacion
alguna anteriores a la publicacion....” Mexico, 5 October 1812. Folio
extra (48 cm; 17.25"). [1] p.
$8775.00
First New World printing of the 12 November 1810 human rights act
granting freedom of the press to the inhabitants of the Spanish empire. This
20-article decree does set a few limits on the freedom, but none that are onerous,
simply making one liable for slander, sedition, and the like. While Ferdinand
VII remained the prisoner of Napoleon, the Regency promulgated several important
human rights acts; the Regency ratified and published this one 10 November 1810,
but Viceroy Venegas delayed publishing it because of the Hidalgo and other rebellions.
Garritz, Impresos novohispanos, 1612. Not in Medina,
Mexico; not in Sutro. One horizontal fold; right margin a little crumpled.
Revenue stamps on the verso. Viceroy Venegas’s paraph (“rúbrica”)
below his printed name. A very good copy.

Abolition of Torture
Spain. Cortes. Broadside. Begins: “ ...El Sr. Secretario del Supremo Consejo de Indias ... me remite la real cédula del tenor siguiente ... Que abolido para siempre el tormento en todos los dominios de la monarquia espanola ... “ Mexico: no publisher/printer, 15 October 1811. Folio (44 cm; 17"). 1 p.
[SOLD]

Viceroy Venegas promulgates and important human rights deceree. The Cortes acting in the absence of the king (who was in Napoleonic captivity) seeks to bring rebellious citizens back into the imperial fold by abolishing torture and unlawful seizure (“esposas, perrillos, calabozos extraordinarios”).
Rare. No copies located via OCLC or NUC Pre-1956.
Not in Medina, Mexico; not in Garritz; not in Sutro. Folded once, otherwise as issued. With Viceroy Venegas's
paraph next to his printed name at the base of the document. (24594)
Censoring
Mexican
CLERGY
Spain. Consejo de Regencia. Broadside, begins: “... Los reyes de España, encargados de concordar el decoro de la Santa Iglesia con la seguridad y tranquilidad del Reyno....” Mexico: no publisher/printer, 12 January 1814. Folio (41 cm; 16"). 1 p.
[SOLD]
Viceroy Calleja promulgates this decree issued in Spain on 14 June 1813, which in hopes of bringing rebellious priests and members of religious orders into the ranks of the tractable, makes it a criminal offense to “utter insulting or ugly words against the King or royal persons or against the state or government.” The decree effectively abolishes clerical exemption under the feudal
“fuero.”
OCLC locates only the copies at the John Carter Brown and the Bancroft Libraries. NUC Pre-1956 adds no others.
Garritz 1917. Not in Medina, Mexico; not in Sutro. Folded once, otherwise as issued. With Viceroy Calleja's paraph next to his printed name at the base of the document. (24595)
United States. Senate. Committee of Privileges. Report of the Committee of Privileges, on the measures it will be proper to adopt, relative to a publication in the General Advertizer, or Aurora, of the 19th of February last. [Philadelphia: Pr. by John Ward Fenno?, 1800]. 8vo. 7, [1] pp.
$150.00

Was it slander or libel, or exercising the freedom of the press (or both)
— when on 19 February 1800 William Duane published an article concerning
the secret activities occurring in Senate caucuses? In any case the senators
were not pleased! In this publication they quote the offending passages and
then order Duane to appear before them to defend “his conduct” and
the Aurora’s for having published “the aforesaid false, defamatory,
scandalous, and malicious assertions and pretended information.”
At the heart of the controversy was Duane’s support of Jefferson for
president and his exposure of the notorious Ross election bill by which the
Federalists sought to thwart Jefferson’s bid for that office.
Evans 38856; ESTC W021879. Removed from a nonce volume. Clean
and in nice condition.
Wollstonecraft, Mary. A vindication of the rights of woman: With strictures on political and moral subjects. Boston: Peter Edes for Thomas & Andrews, 1792. 8vo (21.6 cm, 8.5"). 340 pp.
$4500.00

Second American edition: Wollstonecraft’s most famous work, analyzing woman’s state and arguing for equality of education. Two years after exploring the origins and nature of the rights of men in her Vindication of the Rights of Men, Wollstonecraft published the present work — a book that shocked even liberals and her own sisters.This Boston edition most likely appeared shortly after the Philadelphia edition printed in the same year; among the prominent American women’s rights activists known to have read and been influenced by the Vindication are Judith Sargent Murray, Abigail Adams, and (later) Elizabeth Cady Stanton.
Evans 25054; ESTC W2450; PMM 242 (for first ed.); Windle, Mary Wollstonecraft Godwin, A5d. Recent quarter calf over marbled paper–covered boards, spine with gilt-stamped leather title and author labels and gilt-stamped devices between raised bands. Half-title mounted; a few leaves with old repairs to lower inner margins. Pages age-toned, with offsetting, staining, and spotting.
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